The researchers have earned a high reward due to their important contribution to a better understanding of the theory of nonperturbative effect of strong interactions and, above all, due to their accurate results obtained in the framework of supersymmetric field theories.
Mikhail Shifman and Arcadiy Weinstein began their scientific collaboration in Moscow more than 40 years ago. In a series of papers on the theory of strong interactions, they introduced the concept of the gluon condensate (the vacuum鈥檚 property in quantum chromodynamics) and offered the Shifman-Weinstein-Zakharov sum rules (SVZ sum rules). These rules explain the observed properties of hadrons with the help of concepts of the gluon and other condensates, avoiding the need to calculate all perturbatively using the principles of the quantum field theory. Arkady I. Weinstein is a theoretical physicist. He was born in Stalinsk. He graduated from 吃瓜官网 in 1964, then worked at the Institute of Nuclear Physics by G.I. Budker. Since 1990 he has been working at the University of Minnesota and at the Institute of Theoretical Physics by William I. Fine.
Since 1985 the Dirac Medal is given annually by the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste in honor of Paul Dirac, who is an outstanding physicist of the XX century. Names of the laureates are announced every year on August 8, the day of the Dirac's birthday. They are scientists who have made significant contributions to theoretical physics.
It is worth to add that among the NSU graduates there is another winner of the Dirac medal, who is an outstanding theoretical physicist associated with occurance and further development of modern nonlinear physics. His name is Vladimir Zakharov. He was awarded the Dirac Medal in 2003.
